The network hashrate is the total computing power all miners worldwide apply to the Dash network. It is mined with the X11 algorithm, a chain of eleven hash functions run in sequence, using specialised ASICs such as the Antminer D9 series. A rising hashrate means more competition for the same miner share of the block reward - earnings per unit of hashrate decline; a falling hashrate works the other way round. Next to the coin price, the hashrate is therefore the most important network metric for miners; it is also a measure of chain security, since any attack becomes more expensive as total hashrate rises.
Difficulty defines how hard it is to find a valid block, and it continuously adjusts to the network hashrate to keep the block rate stable. Hashrate and difficulty therefore move in lockstep - switch between both metrics in the chart above to see the relationship directly.
Alongside the X11 miners that find new blocks, Dash has a second network layer: masternodes. The block reward is split between miners, masternodes and a treasury system - miners secure the network against attacks, while masternodes provide additional features such as InstantSend (instant transaction confirmation) and PrivateSend (transaction privacy). The network hashrate itself is still made up exclusively of the X11 miners' computing power.
Dash has no classic halving with a single cut-off date. Instead, emission decreases on schedule by around 7 percent per year - a smoother curve than coins with four-year jumps. For miners this means a continuous but slowly declining DASH reward per block, which any investment calculation should factor in from day one. You can model the effect of the annual reduction on earnings in the Dash mining calculator.
Cryptohall24's records go back to 2014, shortly after the Dash network launched - one of the longest unbroken histories in our own monitoring. Since then the dataset grows by one data point per day - the charts above show the full history with a freely selectable time range.